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Various materials are employed in the creation of jewelry. Thus, it’s advantageous for customers to know how to identify the type of metal their jewelry is made from.
What better way to understand metal jewelry types than hearing from metalsmiths themselves? We’ve compiled a list of the most accurate identification methods and provided concise explanations. After reading this guide, you’ll be well-prepared to make informed purchases and ensure you get your money’s worth.
How to Identify Metal Jewelry Types?
Several methods can help you determine the type of metal in your jewelry, and we’ve included a range of approaches to suit your needs.
Hallmarks and Stamps
The simplest method involves a visual inspection. Clean the jewelry and look for a hallmark or a stamp.
Globally, most jewelry pieces have a stamp indicating the materials used. In the US, it is required by law to stamp jewelry made from gold and silver.
The meaning of metal stamps on jewelry is briefly summarized as follows:
- 925 and STER stand for sterling silver
- 10K indicates 41.6% gold
- 14K indicates 58.3% gold
- 18K signifies 75% gold
- 24K is pure gold
- 950, PLAT, PT 999 represent platinum
Acid Testing as a Method for Metal Identification
Acid testing is another method to identify metals. However, it can potentially damage the jewelry, so it’s best to avoid this method if the piece is valuable to you. If you choose to proceed, use hydrochloric acid for gold and nitric acid for silver. By adding a small drop of the appropriate acid and observing the reaction, you can determine if the metal is genuine. Genuine metals will not react, but alloys may discolor the jewelry.
For instance, non-genuine silver will oxidize and turn rust-red on the slate, while gold will slowly dissolve when exposed to hydrochloric acid.
Magnet Test
The magnet test can help determine whether a metal is genuine or fake but won’t specify the type of metal. After the test, you’ll understand if the metal is possibly precious, rare earth, non-magnetic, or magnetic.
Precious metals like gold, silver, platinum, titanium, palladium, and tungsten are non-magnetic and will not adhere to the magnet. Similarly, bases and other metals such as stainless steel, aluminum, zinc, and copper are non-magnetic.
Rare earth magnetic metals include neodymium, gadolinium, and samarium. In contrast, metals with magnetic properties are cobalt, steel, iron, and nickel.
So, how can you perform the magnet test at home?
Purchase a strong magnet, preferably a neodymium magnet. Rub it on the jewelry’s surface; if it sticks, the jewelry is made from magnetic metals.
Keep in mind that some jewelry is composed of multiple metals, which might result in the magnet sticking to specific areas but not others.
Professional Assessment
A jeweler or metal specialist can accurately identify the metal in your jewelry. They can conduct various tests, such as:
- Metal type
- Metal weight
- Condition of the metal
- Purity level
XRF Spectrometer Analysis
XRF spectrometer analysis is one of the best non-destructive methods for identifying metal. It’s also referred to as the touchstone test.
This method involves using an XRF spectrometer, which works by transmitting X-rays into the jewelry.
X-rays stimulate the atoms within metals, causing them to emit light. This emitted light is then analyzed by an XRF spectrometer to determine the type of metal in the jewelry. The key benefit of this technique is its applicability to both precious and non-precious metals.
Why Is It Important to Know What Kind of Metal the Jewelry Is?
Understanding the type of metal in your jewelry is crucial for various practical, aesthetic, and ethical reasons. Knowing this information can significantly impact your overall experience with the piece.
Durability
The type of metal selected for jewelry can significantly affect its durability and quality. Typically, certain materials are more resistant to wear and tear than others.
Combining the metal used in the jewelry with its craftsmanship offers a reliable indicator of its longevity. Jewelry made from precious metals like silver, sterling, and gold is often suitable for regular wear without much concern about tarnishing.
Value
Equally important is evaluating the metal to estimate the jewelry’s value. Different metals come with varying price tags. The top three most expensive precious metals for jewelry are rhodium, platinum, and gold. Although silver is among the top 10 priciest metals, it ranks near the bottom of the list.
Remember that the craftsmanship and intricate details involved in the jewelry-making process can also enhance its value.
Skin Sensitivity
Different skin types can react uniquely to various metals. Therefore, if you have sensitive skin, it is vital to choose hypoallergenic metals for your jewelry.
Many hypoallergenic options are available that do not contain nickel, copper, or other irritating metals. Most of our jewelry is crafted from hypoallergenic metals, including gold and silver.
Cleaning and Maintenance
As experienced jewelry makers, we recommend proper care for each type of metal based on its specific characteristics. Knowing the metal composition helps you maintain the piece and extend its lifespan. Interestingly, even different gold finishes require unique care routines.
Conclusion
Now that you understand how to determine the metal type in jewelry and why it matters, you are ready to explore and purchase a new favorite piece. Don’t miss our handmade collection featuring 100% original designs. In our unique shop, you’ll find stunning sterling silver, gold, brass, and oxidized jewelry masterpieces you’ll enjoy wearing.
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